Impact & Provenance
What Does Hitting the Wall Feel Like? The Science of Glycogen Depletion in Runners
The sensation commonly described as 'the wall' is not a mere failure of willpower; it is a sophisticated physiological preservation mechanism triggered by the central nervous system to prevent cata...
Bioavailable Energy: Bio-Analytical Fuelling for Runners
Your endurance performance is not limited by the total number of calories you consume, but by the precise molecular architecture of the fuel your system can actually process under physiological str...
Gastrointestinal Resilience: A Scientific Guide to Avoiding Runner's Stomach Issues
Recent clinical assessments indicate that up to 70% of distance runners experience acute gastrointestinal symptoms, with 75% of participants in high-level endurance events showing measurable biomar...
How to Organise a Marathon Fuelling Strategy in NZ: A Scientific Guide
The physiological threshold of the human body during a 42.2 kilometre event is not merely a test of aerobic capacity, but a complex challenge of metabolic management where the traditional reliance ...
Easy to Digest Carbs for Runners: The Science of Gastrointestinal-Friendly Fuelling
A 2026 meta-analysis of endurance athletes indicates that while high carbohydrate ingestion is critical for sparing muscle glycogen, approximately 93% of participants experience significant gastroi...